April, 2025

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"Sepsis bundles": No good evidence of benefit

PulmCCM

SEP-1, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)’s much-maligned sepsis “quality” measure, was the brainchild of a small group of insiders conceived in the early- to mid-2000s. Given how SEP-1 has aged, it should be no surprise it was an ugly baby. Its genesis was led by Dr. Emmanuel Rivers, who back then was a superstar in critical care after publication in the New England Journal of Medicine of the randomized trial he led claiming that “early goal-directed

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Faltering Growth in Infants

Mind The Bleep

Faltering growth (also known as failure to thrive ) describes when a child is not growing as expected. This may reflect underlying poor health or nutrition. By routinely assessing a childs height and weight throughout childhood, growth measurements can be plotted over time on centile charts and faltering growth can be identified. As causes and management of faltering growth differ by age, this article will address faltering growth in infants (children <1 year old).

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Can I Keep Patients With More Than Three Rib Fractures At My Level IV Trauma Center?

The Trauma Pro

Rib fractures are one of the most common thoracic injuries presenting to trauma centers. Traditionally, many state designation standards set limits on the number of rib fractures in patients to be admitted to Level IV trauma centers. The assumption was that these centers had limited surgical capabilities and might not have the expertise to manage them to achieve optimal patient outcomes.

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SGEM#473: Did You Ever Have To Make Up Your Mind – Midazolam or Ketamine for Acute Agitation in the Pre-Hospital Setting

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Reference: Muldowney et al. A Comparison of Ketamine to Midazolam for the Management of Acute Behavioral Disturbance in the Out-of-Hospital Setting. Ann Emerg Med. 2025 Date: April 24, 2025 Guest Skeptic: Dr. Howie Mell received his Medical Doctorate (MD) from the University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine at Rockford. Prior to that, he received a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree emphasizing Environmental and Occupational Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago, School

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Bridging Innovation & Patient Care: The Growing Role of AI

Speaker: Simran Kaur, Co-founder & CEO at Tattva.Health

AI is transforming clinical trials—accelerating drug discovery, optimizing patient recruitment, and improving data analysis. But its impact goes far beyond research. As AI-driven innovation reshapes the clinical trial process, it’s also influencing broader healthcare trends, from personalized medicine to patient outcomes. Join this new webinar featuring Simran Kaur for an insightful discussion on what all of this means for the future of healthcare!

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Size Matters: The Impact of Cuff Size on Blood Pressure

RebelEM

Background: Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is essential in the emergency department (ED), where it serves as a key marker of hemodynamic stability and informs critical management decisions. Improper technique and incorrect cuff sizing can lead to falsely high or low readings, impacting patient care. The issue of BP cuff size has been studied in manual BP cuffs previously, but there is scant literature on automatic BP cuffs.

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US Probe: Suprapatellar Recess Injection for Chronic Knee Pain in the Emergency Department – An Effective Approach for Relief

EMDocs

Author: Abdo Zeinoun MD, Clinical Ultrasound Fellow, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School // Reviewed by: Stephen Alerhand, MD ( @SAlerhand) ; Steve Fields, MD Patient Case A 60 year-old male with a history of hypertension presents with worsening right knee pain over the last 3 days. He reports chronic knee pain for years, now intensified to the point of making walking painful, along with swelling.

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Promoting Compassionate Emergency Care for Children with Autism

PEMBlog

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is commonaffecting approximately 1 in 68 childrenand increasingly recognized in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). While we pride ourselves on providing high-quality care for all children, we must acknowledge that the noisy, fast-paced, and unpredictable environment of the ED can be especially distressing for autistic patients.

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Are Prophylactic Antibiotics Needed For Facial Fractures?

The Trauma Pro

The use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with facial fractures has been controversial since forever. Some trauma professionals argue that these fractures, many of which involve a sinus or the mouth, should be considered as open fractures. Several studies on the use of antibiotics prophylactically, preoperatively, and postoperatively have shown a significant amount of variability.

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SGEM#472: Together In Electric Dreams – Or Is It Reality?

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Reference: Kareemi et al Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support in the emergency department: a scoping review.AEM April 2025. Date: April 15, 2025 Guest Skeptic:Dr. Kirsty Challen is a Consultant in Emergency Medicine at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals. Case:It may be April, but as you sit in your departmental meeting with your emergency physician colleagues, you all note that the winter surge of patients hasnt stopped.

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Street Medicine: Compassionate Care for the Unhoused

RebelEM

Introduction: In this episode of Rebel Cast, host Marco Propersi, along with co-hosts Steve Hockman and Kim Baldino, delve into the practice and importance of street medicinethe direct delivery of healthcare to homeless and unsheltered individuals. Special guests Dr. Jim O’Connell, a pioneer of street medicine, and Dr. Ed Egan, a recent street medicine fellowship graduate, share their experiences and insights on serving this vulnerable population.

EMS 120
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ECG Pointers: Slow and Steady Wins the … Pacemaker?

EMDocs

Authors: Lloyd Tannenbaum, MD (EM Attending Physician, APD, Geisinger Wyoming Valley, PA); Christian Daniello, MD (Staff Physician, Geisinger Wyoming Valley) // Reviewer: Brit Long, MD (@long_brit) Hello and welcome back to ECG Pointers, a series designed to make you more confident in your ECG interpretations. This week, we feature a post from Dr. Tannenbaums ECG Teaching Cases , a free ECG resource.

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Rekindling the Fire in Emergency Medicine

ACEP Now

On a recent shift, I cared for a stroke patient with a story that, on the surface, was one that we hear all too often in Emergency Medicine. Mrs. A, as well call her, arrived hypertensive and aphasic with a hemiparesis and left-sided neglect. Family told EMS that she had no known past medical history, yet the paramedics suspected that she likely hadnt seen a doctor in many years.

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Guideline Update: Early mobilization advised for all ICU patients

PulmCCM

In a March 2025 guideline update, the major U.S. critical care society advised that all critically ill patients should receive “enhanced mobilization” or rehabilitation, over and above usual physical therapy. As only a minority of hospitals even provide ordinary physical therapy to mechanically ventilated patients on a routine basis, the advisement is largely symbolic or aspirational. “Enhanced” rehabilitation can include such activities as helping patients stand at bedsi

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Facial Fractures: Frontal Bone and Orbit

Northwestern EM Blog

Written by: Alexandra Franiek, MD (NUEM 26) Edited by: Savannah Vogel, MD (NUEM 24) Expert Commentary by : Matt Levine, MD Frontal Bone The frontal bone is composed of two tables. The posterior table is adherent to the dura mater. These fractures are often sustained during physical assault from a blunt object or MVCs (think unrestrained passenger). They require substantial force due to bone thickness and should always raise suspicion for neurological injury.

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SGEM Xtra Zombie Idea: ED Crowding is Due to Non-Urgent Patients

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Date: April 1, 2025 This is another SGEM Xtra. I was asked to give a public lecture for the Gateway Centre of Excellence in Rural Health. The topic was the zombie idea that emergency department crowding is due to non-urgent patients.You can click on this LINK and get a PDF copy of my slides. The YouTube video of the presentation with the Q&A session featuring rural physician Dr.

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Podcast – Monthly Round Up February 2025 – Skills Fade, Resusciation Targets and more

St. Emlyn

St.Emlyn's - Emergency Medicine #FOAMed In this episode of the St Emlyns Podcast, Iain and Simon reflect on IncrEMentuM 2025, skills fade in rare procedures, arterial line placement, and emerging evidence in cardiac arrest and resuscitative hysterotomy. Essential listening for emergency clinicians. The post Podcast – Monthly Round Up February 2025 – Skills Fade, Resusciation Targets and more appeared first on St.Emlyn's.

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emDOCs Podcast – Episode 118: Lisfranc Injury

EMDocs

Today on the emDOCs cast with Brit Long ( @long_brit) , we cover the Lisfranc injury. Episode 118: Lisfranc Injury What is it? The Lisfranc joint complex is a tarso-metatarsal articulation named for Jacques Lisfranc (1790-1847), one of Napoleons battlefield surgeons. A Lisfranc injury is any injury/disruption to this joint complex. Exist along a spectrum: minor subluxation to fracture and dislocation.

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EM Quick Hits 64 Whole Blood Transfusions, Calcium Before Diltiazem in Afib, Thoracotomy Pearls, Uterine Casts, OMI Scale & Proportionality

Emergency Medicine Cases

In this month's EM Quick Hits podcast: Zafar Qasim & Andrew Petrosoniak on whole blood transfusion in trauma, Justin Morgenstern on calcium pre-treatment to prevent diltiazem-induced hypotension, Kiran Rikhraj on dynamic LV outflow tract obstruction, Anand Swaminathan on resuscitative thoracotomy, Andrew Tagg on uterine casts, and Jesse McLaren on scale & proportionality in occlusion MI ECG interpretation.

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Law and Order: Navigating Medicolegal risk in Emergency Medicine Part 2

EM Ottawa

In part 1 of this 2-part series on medicolegal risk in Emergency Medicine, we looked at two legal cases, with a primary focus on civil litigation and college complaints. In this section, we focus on risk assessment, documentation, and advice from lawyers and CMPA experts, with some frequently asked questions to conclude. Check out part […] The post Law and Order: Navigating Medicolegal risk in Emergency Medicine Part 2 appeared first on EMOttawa Blog.

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Facial Fractures: Midface and Mandible

Northwestern EM Blog

Written by: Alexandra Franiek, MD (NUEM 26) Edited by: Savannah Vogel, MD (NUEM 24) Expert Commentary by : Matt Levine, MD Introduction Facial fractures are responsible for greater than 400,000 Emergency Department visits annually in the United States (1). Facial injuries predominantly affect young adults, more often males, and are often the result of motor vehicle collisions (MVC), physical assault and recreational sport.

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SGEM#471: Are ESI Levels Accurate for Triage of Pediatric Patients?

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Reference: Sax DR, et al. Emergency Severity Index Version 4 and Triage of Pediatric Emergency Department Patients. JAMA Pediatrics, October 2024 Date: February 12, 2025 Dr. Brandon Ho Guest Skeptic: Dr. Brandon Ho is a graduating pediatric emergency medicine fellow at Childrens National Hospital in Washington DC and soon to be attending physician at Seattle Children's.

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Diagnostics: Bariatric Surgery Complications

Taming the SRU

Obesity affects 40% of American adults, representing an epidemic that continues to grow and carries with it a list of comorbidities that pose further health risk including hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and more (1). Strategies for combatting obesity have significantly evolved to include complex medical and surgical solutions.

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ECG Pointers: Blocks

EMDocs

Authors: Lloyd Tannenbaum, MD (EM Attending Physician, APD, Geisinger Wyoming Valley, PA) // Reviewer: Brit Long, MD (@long_brit) Hello and welcome back to ECG Pointers, a series designed to make you more confident in your ECG interpretations. This week, we feature a post from Dr. Tannenbaums ECG Teaching Cases , a free ECG resource. Please check it out.

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ACEP4U: UAB Achieves First-Ever Emergency Department Accreditation from ACEP 

ACEP Now

When somebody is sick or injured in and around Birmingham, Alabama, several options exist for care. But only one has received ACEPs Emergency Department Accreditation Program (EDAP) stamp of approval. The University of Alabama at Birmingham is the first EDand only for nowto attain this accreditation. UAB was notified in late February of this achievement after several months of navigating the process and supplying information to back up the vision and prove it meets the requirements.

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Should Physicians Follow Hollywood's Script?

Sensible Medicine

I’ve already gotten pretty bored reading about AI in medicine. So many of the articles cover the same ground, either breathlessly celebrating AI’s promise or bemoaning the brave new world on the horizon. This article from Dr. Mendoza made me feel embarrassed that I have not even considered this angle. Adam Cifu This Substack is reader-supported.

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Pediatric front of neck access (the surgical tracheotomy)

First 10 EM

Case It is the scenario of nightmares: a young child with an airway obstruction. They came in with stridor, and although you were initially thinking severe croup, the story doesnt quite fit, there is no response to medical therapy, and this patient is incredibly sick. There is significant hypoxemia despite a nonrebreather. You cant wait […] The post Pediatric front of neck access (the surgical tracheotomy) appeared first on First10EM.

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AIVR

ECG Guru

Here is a rhythm strip from a 3-lead Holter ECG. It comes from a 56-year-old man with arterial hypertension and no other previous cardiac diseases. Recently, the patient has noticed that pulse irregularities occur during blood pressure measurement (which he performs himself at home). On the ECG, first a sinus beat, then a PVC, then an AIVR occurs, which is interrupted by another PVC, then sinus rhythm again.

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Can a Nitro Slurry Fix a Food Bolus Impaction?

Taming the SRU

Background Esophageal food impaction (EFI) occurs at an estimated rate of 13 episodes per 100,000 people annually. Medical management is typically attempted before resorting to endoscopy to reduce procedural risks and resource use. Glucagon remains the most widely used medication. Other treatments include carbonated beverages, benzodiazepines, and, more recently, nitroglycerin.

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An Interview with Dr. Patrick O'Malley

EB Medicine

In this episode, Sam Ashoo, MD interviews Patrick O'Malley MD about his career in emergency medicine, The Laceration Course , and the power of connection with our patients. Dr. Patrick O'Malley's Journey in Emergency Medicine The Laceration Course: Origins and Evolution The EM Docs Side Hustle Facebook Group The Patient That Changed My Life For More Information: The Laceration Course, The Abscess Course, and more.

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Research Returns Spotlight to Physician ED Coverage

ACEP Now

Research in JACEP Open , ACEPs peer-reviewed open access journal, features a map of the United States to show which emergency departments have round-the-clock coverage by a board-certified emergency physician. Nothing is shocking at first glance, said emergency physician and research co-author Deborah Fletcher, MD, FACEP. Large patches of land, stretching east-to-west from Minnesota to Wyoming and north-to-south from North Dakota to Kansas reveal little or no physician coverage 24/7.

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Sudbury Vertigo Tool Derivation | And Validation

JournalFeed

The JournalFeed podcast for the week of April 14-18, 2025. These are summaries from just 2 of the 5 articles we cover every week! For access to more, please visit JournalFeed.org for details about becoming a member. Thursday Spoon Feed: The authors created The Sudbury Vertigo Risk Score for ED patients presenting with vertigo that may better identify those at risk for serious neurologic conditions like stroke.

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ECG Cases 55 The Art of Occlusion MI Part 3 – Impression

Emergency Medicine Cases

In this ECG Cases blog Dr. Jesse McLaren guides us through 6 illustrative cases delving into overall impression in identifying occlusion MI. He discusses how using multiple OMI findings such as acute Q wave, subtle STE, reciprocal STD, hyperacute T waves, and reciprocal TWI to contribute to your overall impression, can double the sensitivity of STEMI criteria for acute coronary occlusion.

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Providing feedback and defining excellence in medicine

First 10 EM

There appears to be wide agreement that we are not good at providing feedback in medicine. I have attended many seminars and read many papers on this topic, and despite believing this is an essential role in medical education, I still fail routinely. I have received a lot of advice. I should start by setting […] The post Providing feedback and defining excellence in medicine appeared first on First10EM.

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Journal Feed Weekly Wrap-Up

EMDocs

We always work hard, but we may not have time to read through a bunch of journals. Its time to learn smarter. Originally published at JournalFeed , a site that provides daily or weekly literature updates. Follow Dr. Clay Smith at @spoonfedEM , and sign up for email updates here. #1: New Sudbury Vertigo Risk Score Derivation Spoon Feed The Sudbury Vertigo Risk Score helps identify patients at risk for stroke, has remarkable sensitivity for serious neurologic pathology, but has yet to be validate

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Introduction to AI in Healthcare – Types of AI and replacing Healthcare Professionals (HCPs)

Mind The Bleep

Welcome back to our series on AI in Healthcare. Article 2 will cover the main types of AI and try to answer the question Will AI replace human healthcare professionals in the future?. AI can be categorised into 4 main types based on ability and function. Types of AI : Type 1: Reactive machines – These AI systems have no memory and are task specific.

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Emergency Care for All People in All Countries

ACEP Now

Did you know that by merely being an ACEP member, you are automatically a member of the International Federation of Emergency Medicine (IFEM)? IFEM is a federation of 70 emergency medicine organizations from around the world. The member organizations (i.e., ACEP) pays the membership fee, so you dont have to. IFEMs vision is a world where all people, in all countries, have access to high-quality emergency medical care.