2025

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Can I Keep Patients With More Than Three Rib Fractures At My Level IV Trauma Center?

The Trauma Pro

Rib fractures are one of the most common thoracic injuries presenting to trauma centers. Traditionally, many state designation standards set limits on the number of rib fractures in patients to be admitted to Level IV trauma centers. The assumption was that these centers had limited surgical capabilities and might not have the expertise to manage them to achieve optimal patient outcomes.

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SGEM#473: Did You Ever Have To Make Up Your Mind – Midazolam or Ketamine for Acute Agitation in the Pre-Hospital Setting

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Reference: Muldowney et al. A Comparison of Ketamine to Midazolam for the Management of Acute Behavioral Disturbance in the Out-of-Hospital Setting. Ann Emerg Med. 2025 Date: April 24, 2025 Guest Skeptic: Dr. Howie Mell received his Medical Doctorate (MD) from the University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine at Rockford. Prior to that, he received a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree emphasizing Environmental and Occupational Health from the University of Illinois at Chicago, School

Hospitals 123
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US Probe: Suprapatellar Recess Injection for Chronic Knee Pain in the Emergency Department – An Effective Approach for Relief

EMDocs

Author: Abdo Zeinoun MD, Clinical Ultrasound Fellow, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School // Reviewed by: Stephen Alerhand, MD ( @SAlerhand) ; Steve Fields, MD Patient Case A 60 year-old male with a history of hypertension presents with worsening right knee pain over the last 3 days. He reports chronic knee pain for years, now intensified to the point of making walking painful, along with swelling.

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Torsade in a patient with left bundle branch block: is there a long QT? (And: Left Bundle Pacing).

Dr. Smith's ECG Blog

By Smith with comments from our electrophysiologist, Rehan Karim. (And of course Ken's comments at the bottom) An elderly obese woman with cardiomyopathy, Left bundle branch block, and chronic hypercapnea presented hypoxic with altered mental status. She was intubated. Bedside cardiac ultrasound showed moderately decreased LV function. CT of the chest showed no pulmonary embolism but bibasilar infiltrates.

EKG/ECG 116
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Bridging Innovation & Patient Care: The Growing Role of AI

Speaker: Simran Kaur, Co-founder & CEO at Tattva.Health

AI is transforming clinical trials—accelerating drug discovery, optimizing patient recruitment, and improving data analysis. But its impact goes far beyond research. As AI-driven innovation reshapes the clinical trial process, it’s also influencing broader healthcare trends, from personalized medicine to patient outcomes. Join this new webinar featuring Simran Kaur for an insightful discussion on what all of this means for the future of healthcare!

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Size Matters: The Impact of Cuff Size on Blood Pressure

RebelEM

Background: Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is essential in the emergency department (ED), where it serves as a key marker of hemodynamic stability and informs critical management decisions. Improper technique and incorrect cuff sizing can lead to falsely high or low readings, impacting patient care. The issue of BP cuff size has been studied in manual BP cuffs previously, but there is scant literature on automatic BP cuffs.

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Seed Oils: Real Harm or Just Another Food Fear Fad?

Sensible Medicine

Two health obsessions that I’ve never really understood are the supposed benefits of vitamin D (for every imaginable ill) and harm of seed oils. Dr. Bobby Dubois thinks a lot about the evidence behind health recommendations on his podcast. His research has led him to a pretty clear opinion about the role of seed oils in health and disease. Attentive Sensible Medicine readers will note that his take is a bit different from that expressed in a recent post.

Wellness 109

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Staff retention in the ED

Don't Forget the Bubbles

Challenging working conditions in health services, especially in emergency departments (ED), lead to high levels of stress and burnout. This contributes to the staff retention problem recognised by professional associations such as RCEM and ACEM. As well as being a practice and policy priority, there have been repeated calls for research to better understand the problem.

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These are the ‘Roids you are looking for – Steroids in the ED

EM Ottawa

In the acute care setting, steroids have various usages and indications, but their usage can often be nuanced. From adrenal crises to septic shock, severe community-acquired pneumonia, and even acute pharyngitis, steroids play a pivotal role in managing a variety of conditions encountered in the Emergency Department (ED). However, their use is far from straightforwardbalancing […] The post These are the ‘Roids you are looking for – Steroids in the ED appeared first on EMOttawa

Shock 114
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Should thrombolytics be given >4.5 hours after stroke onset?

PulmCCM

Neurologists’ job just got harder. Patients who present with ischemic stroke more than 4.5 hours after symptom onset generally do not receive intravenous thrombolytics (tPA or TNK). That’s because outside that accepted window, the risk of intracranial hemorrhage was believed to outweigh the benefits of thrombolytics in restoring blood flow to at-risk brain tissue.

Stroke 101
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The Mycoplasma Comeback: Why This Atypical Pneumonia is Back – A PEMCurrents Podcast

PEMBlog

In this episode we dive into the resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae an atypical bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia thats making waves in pediatric emergency medicine. Well cover its clinical presentation, epidemiology, diagnostic approach, and management, including why standard beta-lactam antibiotics wont work. Plus, well discuss whether M. pneumoniae even needs to be treated in the first place!

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The Eighth Law Of Trauma

The Trauma Pro

All trauma professionals need to keep up with the current thinking in their field. There are a variety of ways to do this, including lectures, courses, online curricula, meetings, and reading journal articles. The last method requires a bit of skill and patience. Many research papers are dry, long, and hard to read. Quite a few people do not have the patience to wade through them and get lost in all the details.

Research 185
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The EM Expert Mindset – A Female Perspective

Emergency Medicine Cases

Dr. Patricia Lee is an EM physician in Calgary, Alberta and an Assistant Professor at the University of Calgary in the Department of Emergency Medicine. She reached out to me after listening to Episode 200 How EM Experts Think Part 1 as a longtime supporter of EM Cases, to highlight the importance of recognizing challenges that female-identifying EM physicians may face before, during and after ED shifts.

EMS 119
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ECG Pointers: Slow and Steady Wins the … Pacemaker?

EMDocs

Authors: Lloyd Tannenbaum, MD (EM Attending Physician, APD, Geisinger Wyoming Valley, PA); Christian Daniello, MD (Staff Physician, Geisinger Wyoming Valley) // Reviewer: Brit Long, MD (@long_brit) Hello and welcome back to ECG Pointers, a series designed to make you more confident in your ECG interpretations. This week, we feature a post from Dr. Tannenbaums ECG Teaching Cases , a free ECG resource.

EKG/ECG 104
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Is it time to reframe resuscitation in trauma?

Emergency Medicine Journal

Trauma remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. Non-compressible torso haemorrhage is one of the key drives of these mortality data. Our contemporary management has focused on damage control resuscitation, with a focus on haemorrhage control, haemostatic resuscitation and permissive hypotension. The evidence for permissive hypotension lacks the robustness as other treatments, such as tranexamic acid.

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Referrals

Mind The Bleep

Often one of the scariest things you can do as you will most likely be speaking to a more senior colleague in an unfamiliar speciality. However, as an F1, you may well know the patient best and therefore you may be best placed to refer the patient. Our Webinar Introduce yourself and say on whose behalf you are making the referral Remember, you hold all the information about the patient and are therefore in the driving seat Use the SBAR approach and you wont go far wrong Know why you are referrin

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2025 - COVID-19 Vaccine Variant Target: Who Should Choose?

Sensible Medicine

As of Aug 30, 2024, the US FDA has granted approval for Comirnaty (Pfizer) and Spikevax (Moderna) and emergency use authorization for Novavax for use in fall 2024 COVID-19 vaccine programs. 1,2 Moderna and Pfizer have manufactured mRNA vaccines targeting the KP.2 SARS-CoV-2 variant, a descendent of the JN.1 strain, whereas the Novavax recombinant protein platform targets the JN.1 variant.

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RAND Report Highlights Policy Changes Needed to Sustain Emergency Medicine

ACEP Now

Emergency physicians across the United States are facing increasing financial and operational pressures threatening their ability to provide lifesaving care, according to a new report authored by RAND and supported by the Emergency Medicine Policy Institute (EMPI). An ACEP press release underscores the urgent need for policy and payment reforms to preserve the essential role of emergency departments in the U.S. health care system.

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Pre-Hospital Emergency Anaesthesia (PHEA) vs. Emergency Department RSI: A Comparative Study on Trauma Care Timelines and Outcomes

St. Emlyn

St.Emlyn's - Emergency Medicine #FOAMed How does pre-hospital emergency anaesthesia (PHEA) delivered by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) impacts trauma care timelines compared to emergency department RSI (EDRSI). This retrospective study explores time efficiency, injury severity, and patient outcomes, highlighting the role of HEMS in delivering critical care to severely injured patients in remote locations.

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There IS Beauty in Medicine

EM Ottawa

Medicine often carries an aura of mystiquea profession elevated by society as a noble calling, a higher pursuit. But for those of us in the trenches, the reality is far simpler (: medicine is a job. A demanding, high-stakes, and sometimes unforgiving job, but a job nonetheless. This isnt a dismissal of its importance but […] The post There IS Beauty in Medicine appeared first on EMOttawa Blog.

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Street Medicine: Compassionate Care for the Unhoused

RebelEM

Introduction: In this episode of Rebel Cast, host Marco Propersi, along with co-hosts Steve Hockman and Kim Baldino, delve into the practice and importance of street medicinethe direct delivery of healthcare to homeless and unsheltered individuals. Special guests Dr. Jim O’Connell, a pioneer of street medicine, and Dr. Ed Egan, a recent street medicine fellowship graduate, share their experiences and insights on serving this vulnerable population.

EMS 106
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Promoting Compassionate Emergency Care for Children with Autism

PEMBlog

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is commonaffecting approximately 1 in 68 childrenand increasingly recognized in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). While we pride ourselves on providing high-quality care for all children, we must acknowledge that the noisy, fast-paced, and unpredictable environment of the ED can be especially distressing for autistic patients.

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How To Remember Those “Classes of Hemorrhage”

The Trauma Pro

The Advanced Trauma Life Support course lists “classes of hemorrhage”, and various other sources list a similar classification for shock. I’ve not been able to pinpoint where these concepts came from, exactly. But I am sure of one thing: you will be tested on it at some point in your lifetime. Here’s the table used by the ATLS course: The question you will always be asked is: What class of hemorrhage (or what % of blood volume loss) is the first to demonstrate systolic hy

Shock 164
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EM Quick Hits 62 Optimizing RSI Medication Timing, ED Boarding of Older Patients, Prolonged Tourniquet Use, Rural Peer Support Programs, ECG Reciprocal Changes, Nutrition Tips for Shift Workers

Emergency Medicine Cases

On this month's EM Quick Hits podcast: Anand Swaminathan on optimizing RSI medication timing, Brittany Ellison ED boarding challenges in older patients and solutions to ED crowding and flow, Dave Jeromeon managing prolonged tourniquet application, Nour Khatib and Phil Gillick on a rural peer support case, Jesse McLaren on ECG reciprocal changes in acute coronary occlusion, and Melody Ngon practical nutrition tips for shift workers.

EMS 102
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EM@3AM: Stercoral Colitis

EMDocs

Author: Christopher Blanton, MD, MBA (EM Resident, UTSW / Dallas, TX); Joslin Gilley-Avramis, MD (EM Attending Physician, UTSW / Parkland Memorial Hospital) // Reviewed by: Sophia Grgens, MD (EM Physician, BIDMC, MA); Cassandra Mackey, MD (Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School); Brit Long, MD (@long_brit) Welcome to EM@3AM, an emDOCs series designed to foster your working knowledge by providing an expedited review of clinical basics.

EMS 98
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Sexual Harassment Prevention for Healthcare Facilities

American Medical Compliance

Sexual harassment is a serious issue that impacts workplaces across all industries, but in healthcare facilities, the stakes are especially high. The unique dynamics of healthcarelong hours, high-stress situations, and frequent close interactions with colleagues, patients, and visitorscreate conditions where incidents of harassment can more easily occur.

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Dealing with difficult colleagues

Mind The Bleep

This is a tricky area to cover as it can be challenging to us both personally and professionally when things dont go well with a colleague, particularly when we know that this might impact patient care and/or our own mental health. The longer these negative interactions go on, the more likely they are to significantly impact on outcomes for our patients, our colleagues and ourselves.

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Journal update monthly top five

Emergency Medicine Journal

This month’s update is by the Emergency Department of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. We used a multimodal search strategy, drawing on free open-access medical education resources and literature searches. We identified the five most interesting and relevant papers (decided by consensus) and highlighted each paper’s main findings, key limitations and clinical bottom line.

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Rekindling the Fire in Emergency Medicine

ACEP Now

On a recent shift, I cared for a stroke patient with a story that, on the surface, was one that we hear all too often in Emergency Medicine. Mrs. A, as well call her, arrived hypertensive and aphasic with a hemiparesis and left-sided neglect. Family told EMS that she had no known past medical history, yet the paramedics suspected that she likely hadnt seen a doctor in many years.

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Podcast – Likelihood Ratios: Critical Appraisal Nugget 12

St. Emlyn

St.Emlyn's - Emergency Medicine #FOAMed Mastering likelihood ratios can transform your diagnostic skills. In this podcast with Rick and Greg, discover how likelihood ratios can enhance decision-making and improve patient care. The post Podcast – Likelihood Ratios: Critical Appraisal Nugget 12 appeared first on St.Emlyn's.

Research 114
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Ottawa DVT PoCUS Handbook

EM Ottawa

TheOttawa DVT PoCUS Handbookis a peer-reviewed, practical guide designed to support emergency clinicians in the bedside diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis using point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS). Developed by emergency medicine physicians at The Ottawa Hospital, this resource is tailored for learners and practitioners at all levels including medical students, residents, and staff physicians who […] The post Ottawa DVT PoCUS Handbook appeared first on EMOttawa Blog.

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SGEM#472: Together In Electric Dreams – Or Is It Reality?

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

Reference: Kareemi et al Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support in the emergency department: a scoping review.AEM April 2025. Date: April 15, 2025 Guest Skeptic:Dr. Kirsty Challen is a Consultant in Emergency Medicine at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals. Case:It may be April, but as you sit in your departmental meeting with your emergency physician colleagues, you all note that the winter surge of patients hasnt stopped.

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EM Innovation Collaborative - An interview with Nicholas Stark, MD, MBA & Zaid Altawil, MD

EB Medicine

In this episode, Sam Ashoo, MD interviews Nicholas Stark, MD, MBA & Zaid Altawil, MD about the Emergency Medicine Innovation Collaborative 1. Discussion on EMIC - Overview of the collaborative - Background and formation during the pandemic in late 2021 2. Growth of EMIC - Expansion from three members to over 500 - Focus areas: Education, mentorship, opportunity 3.

EMS 84
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Ninth Law Of Trauma

The Trauma Pro

Okay, heres another one! But it’s a doozy. Its the most important one I live by. It ensures that you dont get bogged down by habit, custom, dogma, ignorance, or just plain laziness. Question everything! If someone ever says, but thats the way I/we always do it, or thats what the policy says, or even I read a good paper/chapter on this, take it with a really big grain of salt.

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Balanced solutions: better than saline, but which balanced solution?

PulmCCM

Balanced crystalloids are considered to be probably superior to normal saline as a resuscitation fluid in critically ill patients. But there are multiple balanced crystalloid products available, with varying compositions. Does the choice of balanced solution make a difference in patient outcomes from critical illness? Balanced solutions are formulated with electrolyte and solute concentrations closer to plasma’s, compared to normal saline’s simple composition of sodium and chloride (

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emDOCs Podcast – Episode 118: Lisfranc Injury

EMDocs

Today on the emDOCs cast with Brit Long ( @long_brit) , we cover the Lisfranc injury. Episode 118: Lisfranc Injury What is it? The Lisfranc joint complex is a tarso-metatarsal articulation named for Jacques Lisfranc (1790-1847), one of Napoleons battlefield surgeons. A Lisfranc injury is any injury/disruption to this joint complex. Exist along a spectrum: minor subluxation to fracture and dislocation.

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Ep 202 Eating Disorders: Common, Commonly Missed, Mismanaged and Misunderstood

Emergency Medicine Cases

Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric illness, yet they are frequently missed in the Emergency Department as they can be elusive. Only one in 246 patients who screen positive for an eating disorder at triage have a chief complaint suggesting it. These patients dont always fit the stereotypemany appear healthy, have normal BMI, or present with vague GI, cardiac, or neurological symptoms.